The Research of Tripartite Collaborative Governance on Disorderly Parking of Shared Bicycles Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Motivation Theories—A Case of Beijing, China

Daozhi Zhao,Di Wang

doi:10.3390/su11195431

Abstract

With the maturity of mobile payments and internet technology, a new type of travel mode, shared bicycles, was brought out by China’s urban transport under the impetus of “the last mile” travel demand. Although convenient travel has been achieved by using shared bicycles, the resulting problems such as disorderly parking and the deposition of bicycles could severely influence urban traffic order and impede the sustainable development of shared bicycles. Based on the quasi-public goods property of shared bicycles, this article established a management system for the tripartite collaborative governance of disorderly bicycle parking by virtue of regulating the bicycle parking behavior of users, the promoting of multiple propaganda and macro-institutional controls of the government, and acquiring technique support of enterprise “entry settlement”. Furthermore, considering the influence on the governance effect of user conduct, a structural model for guiding users to regulate bicycle parking to guarantee the governance effect by adopting material incentive and spiritual motivation was established via the utilization of the theory of planned behavior and motivation theories, and multiple hypotheses were also proposed. In this article, users of shared bikes in Beijing, China were selected as the research objects, and a questionnaire survey was adopted as the empirical research method. In addition, the governance validity on disorderly parking of the collaborative governance model was tested via hierarchical regression analysis after the collection and analysis of the factors influencing bicycle parking behavior of users. The obtained results show that the tripartite collaborative governance model could enhance the regular parking consciousness of users and improve the governance effect of disorderly parking. The research conclusion of this article could provide feasible suggestions for the governance of bicycle disorderly parking and propel the sustainable development of shared bicycles.

Highlights

With the development of the sharing economy, shared bicycles based on mobile payment have come to be the transport vehicle for short trips
Shared bicycles were considered to be a new form of sharing economy for supply-side structural reform of public transport and the internet plus model, and the governance mode for the disorderly parking of shared bicycles deserves to be explored to realize the sustainable development of bike-sharing industry
Some other researchers proposed that the combination of big data technology and the internet of things (IoT) system should be utilized to realize the macro-control of bike-sharing industry and the planning of shared bicycle parking areas [8]

Summary

Introduction

With the development of the sharing economy, shared bicycles based on mobile payment have come to be the transport vehicle for short trips. Shared bicycles were considered to be a new form of sharing economy for supply-side structural reform of public transport and the internet plus model, and the governance mode for the disorderly parking of shared bicycles deserves to be explored to realize the sustainable development of bike-sharing industry. Some other researchers proposed that the combination of big data technology and the internet of things (IoT) system should be utilized to realize the macro-control of bike-sharing industry and the planning of shared bicycle parking areas [8]. These articles mentioned above merely proposed some simple management suggestions from different perspectives and lack systematic exploration of the governance responsibilities of all stakeholders. After the analysis of the roles of the government, enterprises and users in the shared bike system and their individual responsibility, and dilemma in the governance of shared bike disorderly parking, the strategy of tripartite collaborative governance was firstly formulated in this article to make up for drawbacks of related researches

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Discussion

Conclusion