Abstract
Conceptual frameworks are conjectural/hypothetical research tools that are particularly important and widely used in the disciplined inquiry, including educational (technology) research. However, there is a lack of guidance on how to construct them. Hence, the objective of the current research was to provide a methodological perspective through a case study on how to develop such a framework for deductive research with a complex research subject. To this end, a five-step technique was constructed and implemented: text database, research panorama, authors’ network and thread, location, and definition. The case of Pygmalion effect was actual and significant as a recent meta-analysis found it to have an outstanding impact, among other leadership interventions, and relevant to educational research as it was first experimented in educational context. The conclusion found the five steps to be intertwined as they were built upon each other, carried the thread forward and opened it up deeper and closer to the research subject by each section. The errors and limitations involved uniqueness, availability, less is more, meaningfulness, approach, and space. Hence, the recommendations were defined as the regard for the complexity of the research subject and the approach to which the defined steps were delegated, the preliminary search on the most up-to-date academic papers on the subject, the only necessary number of collected sources and classes, the sense-making in implementing the steps, and the adaptation to longer essays, theses, or to prepare the foundation of research proposals.
Highlights
The research methods are the means for obtaining and analyzing data (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill, 2016, pp. xiv–74), where the conceptual framework “is a critically important component of disciplined inquiry” (Antonenko, 2015, p. 53)
The aims of its development were based on the presented characteristics of the conceptual framework and the research subject
(2) The research panorama provided descriptive statistics on the content of the text database to support the development of the conceptual framework by bar charts and a trend line on the types of sources, authors’ range, years of publishing, publishers’ range, and involved disciplines
Summary
The research methods are the means for obtaining and analyzing data (Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill, 2016, pp. xiv–74), where the conceptual framework “is a critically important component of disciplined inquiry” (Antonenko, 2015, p. 53). 46) in saying that concepts and theories have a role in inquiry as “prescriptions for organizing the materials of experience so as to be able to go about our business.”. They regard them as tools to solve problems, while they transform the world. The authors see theory to “conform to the facts and it is a way of looking at the facts,” they see conceptual frameworks to be “out in the open” and be “still conjectural or hypothetical,” to be “not truth,” and rather a “systematic way (still subject to reason) to organize inquiry.”
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