The representation of suboceanic relief on maps of intermediate scale

Abstract

The maps of most frequent occurrence that give information as to the configuration of the ocean‐floor are generally at the two extremes of scale, being either coast‐charts showing numerous spot‐soundings, often by stippling grouped into depth belts, or general bathymetric maps of the oceans, usually with gradational tints. Examples of the former are the coast‐charts of the great hydrographic offices of the world, such as the 1:10,000 to 1:80,000 series of our Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific shores by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey or the British Admiralty charts of British and foreign coasts on similar scales. Examples of the latter are the General Bathymetric Map of the Oceans on an equatorial scale of 1:10,000,000 [see 1 of “References” at end of paper]; Groll's three maps of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, each 1:40,000,000 [2]; Schott's maps of the Atlantic, 1:30,000,000, and of the joint Pacific and Indian oceans, 1:60,000,000 [3]; the recent map of the Atlantic, 1:20,000,000, in the scientific results of the Meteor Expedition [4]; the new map of the South Pacific, equatorial scale 1:27,000,000, by the United States Hydrographic Office [5]; and the American Geographical Society's map of Antarctic waters, 1:20,000,000 [6].