The repair of bone defect with porous titanium/marrow mesenchymal stem cells/platelet-rich plasma implantation

Abstract

Objective To repair the bone defect of the distal femur in rabbits by using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into a porous titanium scaffold.Methods Porous titanium/MSCs composite and porous titanium/MSCs/PRP composite were cultured in vitro for 4 and 9 days.The growth of MSCs on the composites was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM).4..0 mm × 4.0 mm × 3.5 mm bone defects of the distal femur was created bilaterally.Porous titanium (group A),porous titanium/MSCs composite (group B),porous titanium/MSCs/PRP composite (group C) were transplanted into the untreated femoral defects as blank control group.At 6th week after operation,the samples were observed by micro-CT,histology,histomorphometric analyses and biomechanical testing.Results MSCs adhered to the scaffolds after culture for 4 days in vitro.More MSCs adhered to the scaffolds of porous titanium/MSCs/PRP composite than to those of porous titanium/MSCs composite.In vivo,bone formation and integrity into implant were observed in groups A,B and C after 6 weeks.New bone volume (NBV,％) in group B (10.08 ±2.55) and group C (15.40 ±3.71) was significantly greater than in group A (4.66 ±3.01) (P ＜0.05),and that in group C greater than in group B (P ＜0.05).Biomechanical testing indicated that the bone bonding strength in group C (5.31 ± 1.01) was significantly stronger than in group A (1.49 ± 0.55 mPa) and group B (3.29 ± 0.55 mPa) (P ＜ 0.05),and that in group B stronger than in group A (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Porous titanium/MSCs/PRP composite exhibits a favorable osteogenesis,biocomPatibility in the repair of femoral defect,and can be used as a substitute of bone tissue engineering material. Key words: Bone defect; Tissue engineering; Titanium; Platelet-rich plasma; Mesenchymal stem cells