The remedial effect of jujube (Zizyphus lotus L.) fruit extracts from oxidative stress and neurotoxic damage induced by cypermethrin in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum

Abstract

ABSTRACT Jujube extracts have been tested for the treatment of cypermethrin toxicity in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum. Mussels exposed to 150 µg/l of cypermethrin were treated with 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 g/l of jujube extracts during 2 and 4 days. Results showed that cypermethrin affected hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in gills and digestive glands. A treatment with 0.5 g/l and 1 g/l of jujube extract regulated those levels subsequent 2 days of exposure. Our results showed that 2.5 and 5 g/l of jujube extracts provoked toxicity similar to that induced by cypermethrin.