The remarkable sudden commencement of November 13, 1960 in the low and middle latitude magnetograms

Abstract

The remarkable terrestrial magnetic impulse of November 13, 1960 has not been identified as a sudden commencement by a majority of observatories. From a consideration of principal features of the cosmic ray flare of November 12, it is suggested that this flare was responsible for the SC of November 13 of an unprecedented magnitude and for the magnetic storm of moderate main phase.