Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of four up/down-regulated inflammatory miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the serum samples of COVID-19 patients with different grades. Also, we investigated the relative expression of these miRNAs and mRNAs during hospitalization.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 5 mL of blood sample were taken from COVID-19 patients with different grades and during hospitalization from several health centers of Yazd, Tehran, and Zahedan province of Iran from December 20, 2020 to March 2, 2021. The relative expression of miRNAs and mRNAs was evaluated by q-PCR.ResultsWe found that the relative expression of hsa-miR-31-3p, hsa-miR-29a-3p, and hsa-miR-126-3p was significantly decreased and the relative expression of their mRNA targets (ZMYM5, COL5A3, and CAMSAP1) was significantly increased with the increase of disease grade. Conversely, the relative expression of hsa-miR-17-3p was significantly increased and its mRNA target (DICER1) was significantly decreased with the increase of disease grade. This pattern was exactly seen during hospitalization of COVID-19 patients who did not respond to treatment. In COVID-19 patients who responded to treatment, the expression of selected miRNAs and their mRNA targets returned to the normal level. A negative significant correlation was seen between (1) the expression of hsa-miR-31-3p and ZMYM5, (2) hsa-miR-29a-3p and COL5A3, (3) hsa-miR-126-3p and CAMSAP1, and (4) hsa-miR-17-3p and DICER1 in COVID-19 patients with any grade (P < 0.05) and during hospitalization.ConclusionsIn this study, we gained a more accurate understanding of the expression of up/down-regulated inflammatory miRNAs in the blood of COVID-19 patients. The obtained data may help us in the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19.Trial registration: The ethics committee of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. (Ethical Code: IR.ZAUMS.REC.1399.316) was registered for this project.
Highlights
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic disease with near 2% mortality [1]
In COVID-19 patients who did not respond to treatment (e), the relative expression of zinc finger MYM-type containing 5 (ZMYM5), COL5A3, and calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 1 (CAMSAP1) was significantly increased and the relative expression of DICER1 was significantly
This study aimed to evaluate the expression of four inflammatory miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the serum samples of COVID-19 patients with different grades
Summary
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic disease with near 2% mortality [1]. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and mainly affects the lungs and causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [2]. From a molecular point of view, the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a vital protein in human cells, and invigilated into target cells [4]. It must be said that the lungs are affected by the virus, other organs, such as the brain, can be targeted by it [5]. It has been shown that SARS-CoV-2 can enter the brain through the olfactory nerve and cause severe neuroinflammation [6]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of four up/down-regulated inflammatory miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the serum samples of COVID-19 patients with different grades. We investigated the relative expression of these miRNAs and mRNAs during hospitalization
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