Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis based on PRISMA statements aimed to summarise the data on the chemical composition of reindeer meat depending on the region of the Rangifer tarandus. We searched SCOPUS, PubMed, Embase, CrossRef, Medline, Cochrane library, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka. A total of 3310 records published between January 1980 and December 2021 were screened. We identified 34 relevant studies conducted in Russia, Norway, the USA, Canada, and Finland for the synthesis. Overall, the consumption of reindeer meat reduces arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis due to many polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic) and vitamin C, which balances lipid fractions. Venison is an effective means of preventing obesity and adapting to cold due to the content of a complete set of essential trace elements, amino acids, and even L-carnitine. The high content of vitamin C and microelements (iron, zinc, copper) in reindeer meat is likely to increase the body’s antioxidant defence against free radicals and help prevent chronic non-infectious diseases. Thus, venison is an essential component of the adaptation mechanism for the Arctic population.
Highlights
Introduction iationsThe unique nutrition of the Arctic Indigenous Peoples is associated with their increased endurance, health, and adaptability to the harsh climate [1]
Our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarise the data on the chemical composition of reindeer meat depending on the region of the Rangifer tarandus and analyse the effects of venison consumption on human health and adaptation in the Arctic
Themain mainfindings findingsofofour ourresearch researchshowed showedthat thatthe thehighest highest concentration reindeer meat meat of ofthe thefollowing followconcentrationofofmacromacro-and andmicroelements microelements is is present in reindeer ing Arctic regions: Magnesium—in
Summary
The unique nutrition of the Arctic Indigenous Peoples is associated with their increased endurance, health, and adaptability to the harsh climate [1]. Reindeer consumption is a crucial factor of successful adaptation to the cold stress, as well as a component of national culture, food, and economic security and sovereignty, affecting the well-being and health of the Indigenous population in the Arctic [4,5,6,7,8,9]. State the process for selecting studies (i.e., screening, eligibility, included in systematic review, and, if applicable, included in the meta-analysis). List and define all variables for which data were sought (e.g., PICOS, funding sources) and any assumptions and simplifications made.
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