The Relationships Among Early Adolescents’ Perceived Negative Parenting Practices Trajectories of Mobile Phone Dependency, and Self-Regulated Learning：With a Focus on Gender Differences

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among Korean early adolescents' perceived negative parenting practices, trajectories of mobile phone dependency(MPD), and self-regulated learning(SRL), while taking into account gender differences. Early adolescents are required to acquire self-regulation in Korean cultural contexts of a strong emphasis on academic achievement and recent technological advancements. The study made use of data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study(KCYPS), and three waves of data collected from 1,953 adolescents in , and grade were analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows. Growth-curve longitudinal analysis indicates that their initial value of MPD through to grade had increased, but the initial value and rate of change were significantly different according to gender. Furthermore, the results of multiple group analysis revealed that some path weights appeared different according to gender. For male students, the rate of change in MPD did not have a significant effect on either SRL in or grade, whereas for female students, it predicted the existence of significant relationships with them. The implications of these findings were also discussed.