Abstract
The indirect elements of the integrated plant protection can infl uence the effectiveness of the chemical control, however their significance are often extenuated. The characteristic of the plants are almost completely disregarded at the protection decisions. The condition can determinate basically the rate of the damages caused by the pests. The plant in good conditional state has higher tolerance and lower susceptibility against the pests. With the optimal general and annual condition we can establish and maintain the harmony between the growth and the bearing, what is the basis of effective plant protection.
Highlights
The direct elements of the integrated plant protections beyond the chemicals are mechanical, biological and biotechnical elements
The indirect elements, which have got significant role in the effectiveness of the protection, often handled just peripherally and in the most cases of the control decisions it is not suggested to exploit of these opportunities
In the majority cases the central issues of the plant protection are the relationship of the pests and the pesticides, the spearing of the beneficial organisms, the control decisions with the adequate chemicals based on prognosis, the rotation of the pesticides, and so on
Summary
The direct elements of the integrated plant protections beyond the chemicals are mechanical, biological and biotechnical elements. The indirect elements which focuses on the plant and its current state, influence highly the effectiveness of the chemical protections. Such elements are considered the size, the shape, the structural construction, the physiological characteristics of the plants, and its differences depending on the vintage and the bearing state, in addition the growing and bearing habitats determinated by the external environment, the plant condition. Zatykó’s (1980) phrasing is the most expressive and the most common approach as the follows: “the tree is in optimal condition when the vegetation activity and the assimilation supply are in harmonious balance with each other” (Figure 1) This state equals with the bearing balance of the tree, that is the squared high yields with good quality from year to year and the harmonized state of the shoot elongation. Zatykó (1980) divided the condition to two groups, as general and annual condition
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