The relationship of serum sodium and albumin levels on the severity of intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

Background: Hyponatremia causes complications and increases the severity of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Plasma albumin can be a neuroprotector against ICH by reducing brain volume and edema, increasing blood flow to the brain experiencing a perfusion crisis, and increasing microvascular perfusion. ICH patients with hypoalbuminemia have a 2-fold increased risk of worse outcomes and in-hospital death. This research was conducted to see the relationship between sodium and serum albumin levels on the severity of ICH patients. Methods: This research is a cross sectional study where the number of research subjects was 69 people who met the inclusion criteria. Low serum sodium levels had a significant relationship with the severity of ICH patients as assessed by the NIHSS. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0 for Windows. Results: Admissions showed severe severity in 44 subjects (91.7%) with a value of 0.000 (<0.05). Low serum albumin levels have a significant relationship with the severity of ICH patients, showing severe severity in 50 subjects (96.2%) with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). Low serum sodium and albumin levels had the highest proportion of 97.6% with a severe severity level, while normal sodium and albumin levels were only 18.2% with a severe severity level. From the statistical test results, it was obtained that the p-value (0.000) < 0.05. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the combination of serum sodium-albumin levels and the severity of ICH.