Abstract
This chapter links urban landscape and residential travel behavior. Travel behavior can be measured by modal choice, car ownership rates, trip generation, commuting time and distance, and trip chaining. This chapter focuses on active travel, including walking and cycling, promoted by researchers. Alternative travel modes are compared between Germany and the United States as well as policies increasing public transport demand and improving road safety. Germany’s land-use and public policies promote compact, mixed-use development, and active travel. Other countries might build upon Germany’s experience. To control traffic congestion, impact travel behavior, and drive cars less, urban development strategies are pursued including transit-oriented development (TOD). Research findings on the links between neighborhood characteristics and non-motorized transport can be useful to investigate the effects of neighborhood environment on residential health.
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