The Relationship Between Thyroid Function and Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Chinese Population.

Jiaji He,Yaxin Lai,Zhongyan Shan,Yongze Li,Weiping Teng,Yongli Yao,Jing Yang

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.661160

Abstract

ObjectiveThe present study examined the relationship between thyroid function status and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population.MethodsCross-sectional data were obtained from the Thyroid Disease, Iodine Nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) Survey. A total of 62,408 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Differences in metabolic indicators and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to sex and thyroid function status were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of thyroid function on metabolic syndrome and its components.ResultsThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome was generally higher in men than women. Overt hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism had a significant effect on metabolism in men. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and triglycerides (TGs) were significantly lower in men in the overt hyperthyroidism group, and BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and TGs were higher in men in the subclinical hypothyroidism group than men in the normal group. Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism had significant impacts on metabolic components in women. BMI, waist circumference, TGs, SBP and DBP in the subclinical and overt hypothyroidism groups were significantly higher than the euthyroid group in women. The relative risk of abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia was increased in women with hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction had different effects on metabolic syndrome and its components before and after menopause.ConclusionThyroid function had important effects on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Women with hypothyroidism, especially post-menopausal women, had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome than men.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome comprises a group of interrelated metabolic abnormalities that are characterized by central obesity, high triglycerides (TGs), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension and hyperglycaemia
Overt hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism had a significant effect on metabolism in men
Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and triglycerides (TGs) were significantly lower in men in the overt hyperthyroidism group, and BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and TGs were higher in men in the subclinical hypothyroidism group than men in the normal group

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome comprises a group of interrelated metabolic abnormalities that are characterized by central obesity, high triglycerides (TGs), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertension and hyperglycaemia. Patients with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality. It is estimated that the population attributable rates of metabolic syndrome are approximately 6%-7% for all-cause mortality, 12%-17% for cardiovascular disease, and 30%-52% for diabetes [2]. With the development of the social economy in recent decades, the incidence rates of nutritional metabolic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes, have significantly increased [3]. A survey from China showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults increased in recent years, and it has become a major public health problem [4,5,6,7]. The incidence of metabolic syndrome in urban areas is higher than rural areas, and the overall prevalence tends to increase with age. Urbanization, improvements in living standards, changes in lifestyle, dietary modifications and a reduction in physical activities all play key roles in this process [4]

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Conclusion