The relationship between the victim and the victim of a criminal offense

Abstract

The article examines topical issues of correlation between the victim in criminal law and the gestures of a criminal offense in criminology. This makes it possible not only to identify common and distinctive features of these categories, but also to better understand their legal nature, to determine the prospects for improving legislation in this area of legal regulation, and also to outline the boundaries of victimization prevention of crimes and criminal offenses.
 The author establishes that the criminological term « gestures « is certainly based on the criminal law term «victim». A victim of a criminal offense is understood primarily as an injured individual who is recognized as such in accordance with the provisions of criminal law or criminal and criminal procedure law. However, some criminologists do not limit themselves to them and identify other persons who have suffered damage not directly but indirectly. A victim of a criminal offense is characterized not only by criminal law features, but also by other features which are not of criminal law significance.
 The author argues that the main criteria for distinguishing between a victim and an injured person are as follows: 1) these categories belong to different characteristics of criminal offenses (criminological and criminal law); 2) they are characterized by different features; 3) they have different purposes.
 Despite the fact that the gestures of a criminal offense is usually recognized as an individual, the object of criminological research should also be legal entities that have suffered damage as a result of a crime or criminal offense. Although they are not necessarily called gestures of a criminal offense.