Abstract
Background:Endometrial neoplasms is one of the most typical gynecologic diseases with harmful effects. Promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism of the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in endometrial neoplasms. Epigenetic changes of the PTEN and APC genes have shown to be present in various cancers. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the association between the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC genes with endometrial neoplasms. Methods:For this study, 28 patients with endometrial neoplasms as well as 22 controls were studied. Analysis of the promoter methylation regions of PTEN and APC genes were performed by Methylation-Specific PCR. Results:The frequency of PTEN and APC genes promoter methylation was 28.57% and 17.86% in tumor tissues, and 11.54% and 3.85% in blood samples, respectively. We found a significant relationship between blood and tissue in PTEN methylation (p = 0.0353). Additionally, we determined a closely significant difference between normal tissue and tumor tissue of the PTEN gene (p = 0.0787) and blood and tissue samples of the APC gene in methylated promoter regions (p=0.0623). Furthermore, these results suggest that there is no significant relationship between the promoter methylation of PTEN and APC with clinical characteristics.Conclusion:DNA methylation deficiency is a well known highlighted factor in tumorigenesis, therefore the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC can be indicated as a risk factor in endometrial neoplasms.
Highlights
One of the most common forms of cancers in females, which is usually recognized at early stages, is endometrial cancer (EC) (Markowska et al, 2014)
We determined a closely significant difference between normal tissue and tumor tissue of the Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene (p = 0.0787) and blood and tissue samples of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene in methylated promoter regions (p=0.0623). These results suggest that there is no significant relationship between the promoter methylation of PTEN and APC with clinical characteristics
None of the patients had received chemotherapy. They were examined in the Biology Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Zanjan (Iran).The clinical diagnosis of endometrial cancer was in accordance with the criteria of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO).The clinicopathologic traits were diagnosed by experted gynecologists
Summary
One of the most common forms of cancers in females, which is usually recognized at early stages, is endometrial cancer (EC) (Markowska et al, 2014). In this study, we have investigated the association between the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC genes with endometrial neoplasms. Results: The frequency of PTEN and APC genes promoter methylation was 28.57% and 17.86% in tumor tissues, and 11.54% and 3.85% in blood samples, respectively. We determined a closely significant difference between normal tissue and tumor tissue of the PTEN gene (p = 0.0787) and blood and tissue samples of the APC gene in methylated promoter regions (p=0.0623). Conclusion: DNA methylation deficiency is a well known highlighted factor in tumorigenesis, the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC can be indicated as a risk factor in endometrial neoplasms
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