Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the thickness of the cortical bone or the voxel values that are obtained by cone beam CT (CBCT) and the insertion torque values (ITVs) or the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values.MethodsA pig's ilium was used as the implant placement site. The implants used in this study were two kinds of diameters (3.8 mm, 5.0 mm) and two kinds of lengths (7.0 mm, 12.0 mm) having a general threadlike shape with a mechanically polished surface. To measure the bone density and the cortical thickness around the implants accurately, the CBCT scanning was performed immediately just after the formation of the implant cavity. The initial stabilities were evaluated by the ITVs and the ISQ values. The bone density and cortical thickness around the implants were measured by an implant simulation software (Landmarker ver. 5.0 with special specifications for this study). The relationships of the thickness of the cortical bone and the voxel values with the ITVs and the ISQ values were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. To evaluate the influence on the ITVs and the ISQ values among multiple factors, multiple regression analysis was performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA significant positive correlation was found between the thickness of the cortical bone and the ITVs or the ISQ values in all kinds of implants. In addition, a significant positive correlation was also found between the voxel values and the ITVs. From the multiple regression analysis, the thickness of the cortical bone and the voxel values had a positive influence on the ITVs and the ISQ values. In addition, the length of the implant had a positive influence on the ISQ values at the 3.8-mm-diameter implant.ConclusionsIn this limited study, there were correlations between the thickness of the cortical bone or the voxel values obtained from the CBCT scanning and the implant stabilities. Besides, it was confirmed that the thickness of the cortical bone, the voxel value, and the implant length had positive correlations with the ITVs and the ISQ values.
Highlights
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the thickness of the cortical bone or the voxel values that are obtained by cone beam CT (CBCT) and the insertion torque values (ITVs) or the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values
Relationship between the thickness of the cortical bone and voxel values with implant stabilities A significant positive correlation was found between the thickness of the cortical bone and ITVs or ISQ values in all kinds of implants
A significant positive correlation was found between the voxel values and ITVs
Summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the thickness of the cortical bone or the voxel values that are obtained by cone beam CT (CBCT) and the insertion torque values (ITVs) or the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values. Wada et al International Journal of Implant Dentistry (2015) 1:3 hand, the measurement of ITVs and the measurement of implant stability quotient (ISQ) values by using a resonance frequency analyzer are non-invasive, convenient, and objective evaluation methods. These methods are used for evaluation in various researches investigating the primary stability including immediate loading implants [8,9,10,11]. Herrmann conducted a study of the prognosis for as long as more than 5 years and reported that poor bone quality and quantity had a major impact on the long-term failure rate of implants [12]. The failure rate of the implants was 3% when the implant was placed in the alveolar bone having a thick cortical bone or otherwise a dense spongy bone even if the cortical bone was thin, whereas it was 35% when the implant was placed in the alveolar bone having both a thin cortical bone and a sparse spongy bone
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