Abstract
BackgroundThis meta-analysis aimed to explore the effect of successful aging (SA) on all-cause mortality risk in older people to provide a theoretical basis for promoting SA.MethodsPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, CNKI, and WanFang databases (inception to March 4, 2021) were searched for cohort studies to evaluate the relationship between SA and mortality in older people. A random-effects model was used to synthesis hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. All statistical analyses were conducted in STATA 16.0.ResultsIn total, 21,158 older adults from 10 studies were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The SA group tended to have 50% lower risk of all-cause mortality than the non-SA group (pooled hazard ratio = 0.50, 95% confidence intervals: 0.35–0.65, P < 0.001; I2 = 58.3%). The risk of all-cause mortality in older people increased by 17% for each unit increment in the healthy aging index (HAI) (I2 = 0%, P = 0.964). Compared with the reference group (HAI 0-2), older people with HAI 3-4, HAI 5-6, and HAI 7-10 had 1.31-fold, 1.73-fold, and 2.58-fold greater risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. Subgroup analysis did not reveal possible sources of heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that older adults with SA reduced the risk of all-cause mortality by 50%. However, few interventional studies have been conducted. Therefore, healthcare providers must be aware of the relationship between SA and mortality risk and actively develop intervention methods for helping old people achieve SA.
Highlights
With the development of medical technology and increasing interest in health, there has been a gradual growth in average life expectancy [1] as well as a continuous decline in birth rate, making aging one of the major public health challenges in the world [2]
After screening by selection criteria, 10 studies investigating the effect of successful aging (SA) on all-cause mortality were included, which involved a total of 21,158 older adults
According to Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS), all the 10 included articles were of high quality
Summary
With the development of medical technology and increasing interest in health, there has been a gradual growth in average life expectancy [1] as well as a continuous decline in birth rate, making aging one of the major public health challenges in the world [2]. Aging is saturated by feelings of loneliness and dependence on others, along with degenerated health and physical and cognitive functions [4]. Some individuals age successfully without severe disease or disability, enjoying high cognitive, physical, and social functioning [5,6,7]. Great efforts must be made to achieve successful aging (SA) among older populations to reduce the negative impact of aging [8]. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the effect of successful aging (SA) on all-cause mortality risk in older people to provide a theoretical basis for promoting SA
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