The Relationship Between Renal Arterial Resistive Index (RRI) and Renal Outcomes in Patients with Resistant Hypertension.

Abstract

Introduction There is a mutual relationship between hypertension and renal failure, so that hypertension can be considered as a common finding in patients with end-stage renal disorders. Patients with persistent hypertension despite multiple medications are at high risk for adverse cardiovascular and kidney events. Some studies suggest that there is a correlation between RI and renal function in kidney diseases. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate the relationship between renal arterial resistive index (RRI) and renal outcomes in patients with resistant hypertension. Methods This 2-years cross-sectional study was performed on patients with resistant hypertension. All patients undergo GFR, serum Cr and urine Alb tests. Then Doppler ultrasound was performed by a radiologist to measure RRI and was evaluated for the relationship between RRI and renal function. Results Among 133 patients with resistant hypertension, 57.5% were male and the rest were female. Average age of participants and average RI were 48.26 ± 16.90 and 0.63 ± 0.80, respectively. There was no significant relationship between RI and gender (P > .05). Relationship between RI index with age, GFR, serum creatinine level, and albuminuria was significant in all cases (P .05), despite the difference in the mean. Results of analysis of difference in the mean RI in 3 groups (macro-, micro-, normo- albuminuria) showed no significant difference between them (P > .05). Conclusion These data demonstrate the clinical importance of renal Doppler that may be an effective way to evaluate the prognosis of renal involvement in resistant hypertension.