The Relationship Between Primary Knee Osteoarthritis and Aortic Stiffness, Distensibility, and Valve Calcifications: A Case-Control Study.

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to evaluate aortic stiffness and distensibility changes and the presence of aortic and mitral valve calcifications in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA), using 2-dimensional and Doppler transthoracic echocardiography. This case-control study included 115 participants with OA and a control group between May 2019 and November 2019. The Kellgren-Lawrence classification was used for the diagnosis and classification of knee OA, based on radiological images. We compared the demographic data, 2-dimensional and Doppler transthoracic echocardiography results, and laboratory findings between the OA patient group and the control group. There was a significant difference between aortic strain, aortic distensibility, aortic stiffness, and C-reactive protein values between the OA patient group and the control group (p < 0.001 for all). Post hoc analyses revealed that aortic strain and aortic distensibility values were significantly lower, and aortic stiffness values were significantly higher in the grade 4 OA group than those of other groups (p < 0.05 for all). In addition, the C-reactive protein values of the grades 3 and 4 patients were significantly higher than those of other groups (p < 0.05 for all). No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of aortic and mitral valve calcifications (p > 0.05 for all). Aortic strain and distensibility values were lower in the advanced grades of primary knee OA, whereas aortic stiffness values and the frequency of valve calcifications were higher.