Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the different cognitive processes involved in the development of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) and posttraumatic growth (PTG). One year after the Yancheng tornado, 455 middle school students were assessed to study how posttraumatic cognitive change (PCC) influenced PTSD and PTG among traumatized Chinese adolescents through the role of rumination. The results indicated that intrusive rumination partly mediated the relationship between PCC and PTSD, and deliberate rumination partly mediated the relationship between PCC and PTSD and completely mediated the relationship between PCC and PTG. These results suggest that the cognitive processes of PTSD and PTG are different. Furthermore, the study also suggests that PTSD and PTG can coexist in individuals. This study may offer some suggestions for clinical practice after traumatic events.
Highlights
A tornado hit Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province on June 23, 2016
Based on this review of previous theoretical and empirical research, this study proposes posttraumatic cognitive change (PCC) as a research variable of cognitive processes which may influence the emergence of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) and posttraumatic growth (PTG)
We proposed the following five hypotheses: (1) PCC is positively correlated with PTSD and PTG; (2) PCC is positively correlated with rumination; (3) Deliberate rumination leads directly to PTG, while intrusive rumination leads to PTSD; (4) Intrusive rumination mediates the relationships between PCC and PTSD; and (5) Deliberate rumination mediates the relationships between PCC and PTG
Summary
A tornado hit Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province on June 23, 2016. This tornado claimed 99 lives and caused more than 3,800 flats to collapse (Lyu et al, 2017). After the tornado that affected Joplin, MO, United States, the incidence of PTSD in adolescents was found to be 12.63% 6 months after the event, and 26.74% 2.5 years later (Houston et al, 2015). Some studies show that adolescents have been reporting more psychological symptoms after traumatic events than adults (Norris et al, 2002; McMahon et al, 2003; Crews et al, 2007). It is necessary to pay close attention to the mental health problems of Chinese adolescents after a tornado
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