The Relationship between Medication Adherence to the Incidence of Failure of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy (ARV) in HIV/AIDS Patients in Haji Adam Malik Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a compilation of symptoms or diseases caused by decreased immunity due to infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The number of HIV and AIDS cases continued to increase until 2019, United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) reported that HIV and AIDS cases worldwide had reached around 37.8 million with the highest number of cases found in Africa. Based on the latest report of the Directorate General of P2P (HIV/AIDS and STI Information System (SIHA) in 2019, for the last eleven years, HIV cases in Indonesia reached a peak in 2019, which was 50,282 cases. ARV is the most successful HIV treatment that consists of a combination of several types of drugs that must be taken for life, therefore high compliance is required (>95%) and each patient must take medication according to the prescribed dose and time. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study, the population has taken in the VCT Unit/center of Haji Adam Malik Hospital, the patients who experienced failure of first-line therapy from February to June 2021. With a total sample of 96 people. Data collection techniques were carried out using a questionnaire sheet. Results: There was a significant relationship between PLWHA who failed first-line therapy on drug side effects (p-value = 0.05) and there was no significant relationship found between knowledge level and adherence to ARV medication (p-value = 0.182). Conclusion: Factors that influence adherence to taking PLWHA medication at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan, such as level of knowledge and drug regimen, motivation, family support, support from health workers, side effects of drugs. Keywords: HIV/AIDS; ARV; First Line; PLWHA.