The relationship between insight and violence in psychosis: a systematic literature review

Abstract

ABSTRACTPoor insight is a risk factor for violence within established risk-assessment tools, yet its relationship to violence in people experiencing psychosis is unclear. To clarify this issue, we sought to systematically review studies investigating the relationship between poor insight and violence in psychosis. A systematic search of studies published between 1980 and 2019 was carried out using Pubmed, Embase, Medline, PsychInfo and CINAHL databases. From combined search results of 5701 articles, 18 observational studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for full-text review and quality grading. Eight demonstrated a positive relationship between poor insight and violence whilst 10 failed to find this relationship. Significant methodological limitations were found across studies. Those measuring the clinical insight dimension specifically and reliably were most able to demonstrate a positive relationship between poor insight and violence. Choice of the measurement tool and co-variates such as psychopathy were found to influence this relationship. We, therefore, found partial evidence in support of a relationship between poor insight and violence in psychosis. In order to gain an enhanced understanding of this relationship, better quality research accounting for relevant co-variates and using appropriate measurement tools which target the ‘clinical’ insight dimension is required.