Abstract
BackgroundGeneral Self-efficacy is a key variable in clinical, educational, social, developmental, health and personality psychology that can affect the outcomes of people’s lives. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between family functions and personality traits with general self-efficacy among university students and the general population.MethodsTo conduct this two-part study, the first part was carried out on a sample of 500 students, and in the second part the study was repeated on a larger sample consisting of 1000 participants from the general population data were collected from the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), Family Assessment Device (FAD), and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). The analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Fisher’s z test and regression analysis.ResultsThe results of the present study revealed that all the subscales of family functions and all personality traits are significantly related to general self-efficacy among university students and general population (p < 0.001). But in the general population, there was no significant correlation between openness to experience with general self-efficacy) (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the results of regression analysis showed subscales of family functions and all personality traits together can predict 27 and 35% of the variance in general self-efficacy among university students and the general population, respectively.ConclusionPersonality traits play a role in predicting general self-efficacy, but the personality trait of conscientiousness plays a greater role than other personality traits and also compared to family functioning, personality traits play a greater role in predicting general self-efficacy.
Highlights
General Self-efficacy is a key variable in clinical, educational, social, developmental, health and personality psychology that can affect the outcomes of people’s lives
To examine the relationship between family functions and personality traits with General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) in both groups selected for the study, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed
In a separate regression analysis, in which the total score of family functions was entered into the equation, the results indicated that it could predict general self-efficacy with an effect size of − 0.15
Summary
General Self-efficacy is a key variable in clinical, educational, social, developmental, health and personality psychology that can affect the outcomes of people’s lives. Some researchers have shown that general self-efficacy is an important predicting factor for academic achievement at various levels of education [2]. Self-efficacy is one of the factors influencing health promotion, for example, it has an important role in reducing high-risk behaviors leading to HIV [3,4,5]. It is associated with behaviors such as oral health behaviors and smoking [6, 7]. Its relationship with depression, anxiety, and other mental health indicators have been confirmed [8,9,10]
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