The Relationship Between Environmental Degradation and Per Capita Income in ASEAN Countries

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between environmental degradation, namely carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions, and the per capita income in ASEAN countries. The data used is secondary data in the form of panel data for 1993–2020 originating from the World Bank and Our World in Data. The method used is quantitative descriptive analysis with the Granger Causality Test. The results of the study indicate that there is a one-way relationship that flows from environmental degradation in the form of CO2 and CH4 emissions to per capita income in ASEAN countries, but the reverse does not apply. Keywords: environmental degradation, carbon dioxide emissions, methane emissions, per capita income