Abstract
Orientation: Career exploration can be a stressful experience, often manifested by negative career thoughts. In this article, the factors which influence the ability to cope with negative thinking are investigated.Research purpose: This study investigated the relationship between cognitive ability, emotional intelligence and negative thoughts pertaining to career in a sample of unemployed, non-student adults.Motivation for study: There is a need for research which investigates the psychological factors that contribute to successful career exploration and decision-making. Cognitive ability is one such factor, whilst emotional intelligence is another whose validity is not yet well established.Research design, approach and method: A survey design and quantitative procedures were used in gathering and analysing data gathered from 193 non-student, middle-aged adults attending a community-based career exploration programme in British Columbia, Canada. Cognitive ability, emotional intelligence and negative career thoughts before and after a career exploration programme were measured.Main findings: Neither cognitive ability nor any aspect of emotional intelligence predicted negative career thinking change. Cognitive ability predicted overall negative career thoughts as well as decision-making confusion, but only after the programme. The ability to manage emotions, however, predicted negative career thoughts both before and after the career decision-making programme.Practical/managerial implications: The managing emotions component of emotional intelligence is significantly associated with negative career thoughts. These findings suggest that career counselling requires that the role of emotions and their influence on behaviours must be given more consideration. Industrial and organisational (IO) psychologists would benefit from engaging in programmes that train them to assist clients in becoming more aware of, and increasing, their own emotional intelligence.Contribution/value-add: The study added insights to the field of career psychology regarding the ability of emotional intelligence to predict important outcomes regarding the dimensions of emotional intelligence (EI) as measured by a performance-based test predicting negative career thoughts amongst the non-student, adult population.
Highlights
Key focus of the studyIndividuals approach career decision-making with varying degrees of trepidation which can be manifested by negative career thinking
A t-test for paired samples showed that all differences for Career Thoughts Inventory (CTI) total, Decision-making confusion (DMC), Commitment anxiety (CA) and External conflict (EC) were significant at the p < 0.001 level
Effect sizes for r differences for CTI total, DMC and CA were large (d > 0.80) whilst for EC the effect size was small to medium (d = 0.44)
Summary
Key focus of the studyIndividuals approach career decision-making with varying degrees of trepidation which can be manifested by negative career thinking. Research regarding career exploration has focused on general mental ability as the dominant influence in predicting behaviour at work, in particular job satisfaction and work performance (Ashkanasy, 2004; Hunter & Schmidt, 1996; Kidd, 1998). Http://www.sajhrm.co.za in which affective constructs such as emotional intelligence, in addition to the cognitive dimensions, are seen as influential in career settings. These authors predict that investigating emotional intelligence will considerably expand our understanding of organisational life. The authors argue that these emotional processes contribute to adaptive behaviours, and propose that research is necessary in order to understand in a better way cognitive-emotional interactions in human judgement and decision-making
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