Abstract
Background: Preterm neonates, particularly infants ≤ 35 weeks gestation, has a greater risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia. The accumulation of bilirubin levels can inhibit the response of T helper 1 (Th1) cells making disruption of the balance towards T helper 2 (Th2). Th2 produces interleukin 4 (IL-4) as the most abundant cytokine and plays a major role in the process of allergy which in the future can trigger allergic diseases in childhood. Aim: a cross-sectional study was conducted between August and December 2021. Subjects were 37 preterm neonates (≤ 35 weeks of gestational age) with jaundice who were admitted to Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang to evaluate level of total bilirubin and IL-4. Results: The results of this study showed the mean level of total bilirubin was 10,92±2,73 mg/dl. The median IL-4 level was 90,72±0,21 pg/ml. The relationship between bilirubin and IL-4 level in the jaundice preterm neonates was statistically significant (p=0.033). Keywords: allergy, bilirubin, interleukin 4, jaundice, preterm
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