The Relationship between Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) and Psychological Disorders

Abstract

One of the most common cardiovascular diseases is congenital heart disease (CHD) and adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) or CHD in adult patients. The chronic effects of illness, surgery, and hospitalization in certain stages of life can have significant impacts on a patients psychology and quality of life. This study aims to discover the relationship between CHD and psychological disorders in ACHD patients at the Integrated Heart Service Center, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. This research is a cross-sectional observational analytic study. A consecutive sampling technique was used with the correlation coefficient formula to determine the number of the minimum sample, which resulted in the minimum of 36 patients. The data was then analyzed using the Chi-square test and Fishers Exact. The demographic data of the study were obtained from the Congenital Polyclinic Medical Records of the Integrated Heart Service Center, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital and patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI ICD-10). This study included 38 patients in total. Based on the results of interviews, it was found that 32 patients (84.2%) did not experience any psychological disorders, and 6 patients (15.8%) experienced one or more types of psychological disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, recurrent depressive disorder, agoraphobia, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and panic disorder. The results of the statistical analysis of the CHD types and psychological disorders obtained a significance value (p) of 0,228 (>0,050). With the significance value (p), it can be concluded that ACHD patients with various types of CHD do not have a significant relationship with psychological disorders at the Integrated Heart Service Center, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital.