The Relation Between Vitamin D Level with Acute Otitis Media and its Recurrence in Children, Aden, Yemen

Abstract

Background: Acute otitis media are most common pediatric diseases. Lack of vitamin D is a risk of otitis media and its recurrences. Objective: To investigate the relation between vitamin D level and otitis media and its recurrences. Materials and method: This retrospective study conducted in Aden, between January 2019 and December 2020. Results: Eighty-five children with otitis media were studied and they were (51.8%) males and (48.2%) females. The mean age of patients was 5.6 ± 2.8 years. Most of the patients (56.5%) were between 1 to 5 years old. Fever represented (56.5%) in the age group 1 – 5 years old. The difference between values is statistically significance (p = 0.000). In the age group 1-5 years we found congested hyperamic tympanic membrane (43.5%) followed by the bulge tympanic membrane (9.4%). Highly significant differences found between otoscopic findings and the age groups (p = 0.000). Recurrent attack of acute otitis media seem to be higher in the age group 1 – 5 years old; (p = 0.041). Most (82.3%) of the patients had deficient vitamin D level followed by patients with insufficient vitamin D level (11.8%). The recurrent attacks in the deficient group represented with 3 times (30.5%) followed by 4 times (22.4%). Highly significant differences were found between recurrent attacks and level of vitamin D (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Our study showed relation between abnormal level of vitamin D and recurrent acute otitis media mostly in the age group from 1-5 years. Keywords: Relation, vitamin D, otitis media, children.