Abstract
This article proposes to analyze the current conjecture of Brazil in which it was observed by the studies a relevant growth in female single-parent families combined with the observation that in face of the situation in these families, women are driven to crime and consequently to prison. Female single-parent families with children are more “vulnerable” in economic terms, in food supplies and in the caring provided to the children. In this way, families that are headed by these women occur in these circumstances, often allied to their will and consequently the entering of these women in world of crime, so their imprisonment interferes in the whole family. Therefore, we aim with this article to establish a relation between this increase in the number of families headed by women and the increase of women deprived of liberty. The theoretical and methodological support that conducted this research is anchored in the socioeconomic perspective, starting from an investigation of incarcerated women, the family situation and the type of crime committed, since most women do not commit violent crimes. Within a qualitative approach, being the technical procedure adopted of a descriptive-analytical character, carried out through analysis of bibliographic content and data. In this way, we will discuss the socioeconomic reality of incarcerated women, the family situation and how this situation affects the committing of crime and, consequently, incarceration. There would be a concrete relationship between two data, an increase in the number of female single-parent families and because of that, an increase in the number of incarcerated women? It appears that women in situation of vulnerability are the majority among prisoners and considering the circumstances they are arrested it stays very clear the gender hierarchy in social and prison environment which they are subjected. In advance, we noticed that there is a need to create more public policies that promote social justice and greater support for families where women are the main supporters in order to minimize their possible entry into the world of crime. Keywords: Female Single Parenting, Female Imprisonment, Public Policy, Human Rights. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/11-11-07 Publication date: June 30 th 2021
Highlights
1.Introduction We begin this article by presenting a terminological alternative to the term “single mother”, since this commonly used expression carries a strong remnant of a 20th-century sexist and patriarchal society in which married women had their civil, sexual and reproductive rights limited, and mostly submitted to the husband’s will
According to Silvio de Salvo Venosa (2018), the term “single mother” was for a long time considered under the lens of a social control view in patriarchal society, in which maternity presented itself as the element of submission of women in relation to men
The National Household Sample Survey (PNAD, in Portuguese) conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2018 observed that seven years earlier, this variable in the data collection was of 954 thousand women in the condition of household leadership, and in the year 2018 it rose to 1,4 million women
Summary
We begin this article by presenting a terminological alternative to the term “single mother”, since this commonly used expression carries a strong remnant of a 20th-century sexist and patriarchal society in which married women had their civil, sexual and reproductive rights limited, and mostly submitted to the husband’s will. There are several possibilities of single-parent family formation: women who are mothers by means of unilateral adoption, voluntary maternity, medically assisted reproduction, or even due to abandonment or father’s omission – the latter two situations being extremely common in the Brazilian reality.
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