Abstract
BackgroundSince evidence regarding to low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and psychiatric disorders is little and controversial, this study aimed to assess relation between LCD score and psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and stress among a large representative sample of Iranian adult population in Yazd city, Iran.MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis was conducted on data of 7165 persons who participated in the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd (TAMIZ) study. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. LCD score was calculated for each person according to summing up assigned scores to deciles of percentages of energy from macronutrients. Assessment of psychological disorders was also conducted by the validated Iranian version of depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire (DASS 21). Eventually, association between adherence to LCD and psychological disorders was evaluated via logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjusting the confounders, women in the third quartile of LCD score might had 38% lower chance of depression versus those in the first quartile (odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, confidence interval (CI) = 0.42–0.93). However, no significant relationship was observed for other psychological disorders.ConclusionsMore adherences to LCD might be associated with lower chance of depression only among women. Further studies special prospective studies are required to validate these results.
Highlights
Depression, anxiety, and stress are among the most common psychological disorders in the world [1, 2] and are one of the important risk factors of stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and some cancers [3, 4]
We evaluated relation between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score as continues variable and psychological disorders using linear regression analysis
No significant difference was observed in terms of general characteristics among participants based on the quartiles of LCD score (P 0.05 for all)
Summary
Depression, anxiety, and stress are among the most common psychological disorders in the world [1, 2] and are one of the important risk factors of stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and some cancers [3, 4]. Most previous studies regarding dietary factors and psychological disorders have been focused on individual macronutrients rather than their combination. The results of a prospective study showed that high intakes of protein had a protective effect on depressive symptoms [7]. Low protein intakes were associated with increased risk of psychological disorders in a cross-sectional research among Japanese male workers [8]. Since evidence regarding to low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and psychiatric disorders is little and con‐ troversial, this study aimed to assess relation between LCD score and psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and stress among a large representative sample of Iranian adult population in Yazd city, Iran
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