The Relation between Domain-Specific Physical Behaviour and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Cross-Sectional Compositional Data Analysis on the Physical Activity Health Paradox Using Accelerometer-Assessed Data.

Margo Ketels,Andreas Holtermann,Dirk De Bacquer,Charlotte Lund Rasmussen,Mette Korshøj,Els Clays,Nidhi Gupta

doi:10.3390/ijerph17217929

Abstract

In contrast to leisure time physical activity (LTPA), occupational physical activity (OPA) does not have similar beneficial health effects. These differential health effects might be explained by dissimilar effects of LTPA and OPA on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). This study investigated cross-sectional associations between different physical behaviours during both work and leisure time and CRF by using a Compositional Data Analysis approach. Physical behaviours were assessed by two accelerometers among 309 workers with various manual jobs. During work time, more sedentary behaviour (SB) was associated with higher CRF when compared relatively to time spent on other work behaviours, while more SB during leisure time was associated with lower CRF when compared to other leisure time behaviours. Reallocating more time to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the other behaviours within leisure time was positively associated with CRF, which was not the case for MVPA during work. The results of our study are in line with the physical activity health paradox and we call for further study on the interaction between LTPA and OPA by implementing device-worn measures in a longitudinal design. Our results highlight the need for recommendations to take into account the different effects of OPA and LTPA on CRF.

Highlights

The health benefits of being physically active on a regular basis have been clearly established [1,2].International guidelines advise people to engage in at least 150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) per week to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality [3,4,5]
The new subsample included 293 participants and Results of of the the results theSensitivity sensitivityAnalysis analysis were in accordance with those obtained in the overall sample
This study was the first to investigate the relation of occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by relying on accelerometer-based measures of physical behaviours

Summary

Introduction

The health benefits of being physically active on a regular basis have been clearly established [1,2]. International guidelines advise people to engage in at least 150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) per week to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality [3,4,5]. The beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) have mostly been demonstrated for PA performed outside the job setting, i.e., leisure time physical activity. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 7929; doi:10.3390/ijerph17217929 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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