The Relation between Body Mass Index and Retinal Photoreceptor Morphology and Microvascular Changes Measured with Adaptive Optics (rtx1) High-Resolution Imaging.

Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska,Magdalena Kupis,Zbigniew Wawrzyniak,Jacek P Szaflik,Siamak Ansari-Shahrezaei

doi:10.1155/2021/6642059

Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska, Magdalena Kupis + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6642059

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Abstract

Background Overweight and obese patients are at risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and microvascular complications. The rtx1TM (Imagine Eyes, France) is a microscope that allows near histological visualizations of cones and retinal microcirculation. Objective This study analysed the cones and retinal microvascular changes in a group of 47 healthy women with different BMI values. Participants were divided into 2 groups: the BMI group (28 women with BMI >/25) and the control group (19 lean women with BMI <25). Results The lumen and diameter of retinal arteries were not significantly different between groups. There were significant differences in the thickness of arteriole walls. The WLR and WCSA values differed significantly between the control and BMI groups (for WLR 0.25 ± 0.03 vs. 0.29 ± 0.03, p < 0.001; for WCSA 4136.7 ± 1140.0 vs. 5217.3 ± 944.0, respectively, p < 0.001). In healthy eyes, cone density and morphology were not affected by weight. Conclusions Retinal image analysis with rtx1 offers a novel noninvasive measurement of early changes in retinal vasculature that are not detectable during routine clinical examination. Abnormalities of retinal arterioles found by rtx1™examination should be considered as a strong risk factor for cardiovascular changes resulting from overweight and obesity.

Highlights

Overweight and obese patients are at risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and microvascular complications. e rtx1TM (Imagine Eyes, France) is a microscope that allows near histological visualizations of cones and retinal microcirculation
We excluded from the study women with already diagnosed hypertension, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, or other cardiovascular disorders, which resulted in a smaller study group
Our results suggest that individuals with overweight and obesity demonstrate signs of an early dysfunction of the retinal arterioles as measured by the wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) parameters. ese findings are in compliance with results described by de Jong and coworkers with a similar study group [8]. ere were no differences in baseline perfused nail fold capillary density between lean and obese women, but postocclusive capillary recruitment and microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation were decreased in obese women

Summary

Introduction

Overweight and obese patients are at risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and microvascular complications. e rtx1TM (Imagine Eyes, France) is a microscope that allows near histological visualizations of cones and retinal microcirculation. E rtx1TM (Imagine Eyes, France) is a microscope that allows near histological visualizations of cones and retinal microcirculation. Is study analysed the cones and retinal microvascular changes in a group of 47 healthy women with different BMI values. Participants were divided into 2 groups: the BMI group (28 women with BMI >/25) and the control group (19 lean women with BMI

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Conclusion