Abstract
Stroke results in high morbidity and high mortality worldwide, with ischemic stroke accounting for 80% to 85%. As effective treatments for ischemic stroke remain limited because of the narrow therapeutic time window, a better understanding of the pathologic mechanism and new therapeutic intervention targets are needed. Due to the development of next-generation sequencing technologies and the genome-wide analysis of eukaryotic transcriptomes, a large amount of evidence to date demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in gene regulation and in ischemic stroke. In recent years, many studies have been focused on the clinical significance of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke, and data shows that the pathological processes underlying ischemic stroke are driven by interactions among different brain cell types, including neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells, which actively participate in the mechanisms of tissue injury and repair. In this mini review article, we provide an overview of the characteristics and underlying regulation mechanisms of lncRNAs relevant to different brain cell types during the course of ischemic stroke. Moreover, we reveal the roles of lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and treatment targets in ischemic stroke.
Highlights
Stroke has high morbidity and high mortality worldwide and is a major cause of long-term disability in both developing and developed countries
A rising number of studies have focused on the clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ischemic stroke. In this mini review article, we provide an overview of the expression characteristics of lncRNAs according to different brain cell types and reveal that they might serve as biomarkers and therapeutic intervention targets during the course of ischemic stroke
A growing number of studies have illustrated that lncRNAs might play crucial roles in the regulation of pathophysiological processes in ischemic stroke and might be potential therapeutic targets
Summary
Stroke has high morbidity and high mortality worldwide and is a major cause of long-term disability in both developing and developed countries. Despite efforts to develop treatments using intravenous and intra-arterial therapies, effective treatments for ischemic stroke are still limited. Thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke shows restricted efficacy, and only a small percentage of patients can receive this therapy because of the narrow therapeutic time window (Schwamm et al, 2013). Mechanical thrombectomy should be initiated as quickly as possible (Powers et al, 2018). Severe treatment complications, such as intracranial hemorrhage in patients treated with an intravenous injection of thrombolytic agents, are associated with high mortality (Seet and Rabinstein, 2012). It is necessary to clarify the underlying pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke
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