Abstract
This review is concerned with the translational control of protein synthesis exhibited by a variety of mammalian cell types in response to changing nu t r i t iona l condi t ions . The molecu la r basis of this phenomenon is now partially understood, and it has provided a number of insights into cytoplasmic control mechanisms in eukaryotes. We describe here the current state of knowledge about these mechanisms and~ in particulaG the role played by the polypeptide chain initiation factor eIF-2. We also br ie f ly consider how cells may recognize changes in the ava i l ab i l i t y of nutrients9 especially essential amino acids~ and how they adapt to short-term or long-term deprivation of these compounds which are needed for the accumulation o5 protein and for growth.
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