The Regulation of Ferroptosis by Noncoding RNAs.

Abstract

As a novel form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis is characterized by intracellular iron and lipid peroxide accumulation, which is different from other regulated cell death forms morphologically, biochemically, and immunologically. Ferroptosis is regulated by iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant defense systems as well as various transcription factors and related signal pathways. Emerging evidence has highlighted that ferroptosis is associated with many physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, neurodegeneration diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Noncoding RNAs are a group of functional RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins, which can regulate gene expression in various manners. An increasing number of studies have shown that noncoding RNAs, especially miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, can interfere with the progression of ferroptosis by modulating ferroptosis-related genes or proteins directly or indirectly. In this review, we summarize the basic mechanisms and regulations of ferroptosis and focus on the recent studies on the mechanism for different types of ncRNAs to regulate ferroptosis in different physiological and pathological conditions, which will deepen our understanding of ferroptosis regulation by noncoding RNAs and provide new insights into employing noncoding RNAs in ferroptosis-associated therapeutic strategies.