The regulation of balance in the children presenting with severe cerebral palsy following the treatment with the use of the locomotor training in combination with the electrical stimulation of leg muscles and spinal cord

Abstract

This article is designed to present the results of the study that included 19 patients at the age from 6 to 12 years. The severity of the CP clinical manifestations was estimated to be around 3 in accordance with The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). All the patients underwent 15 half-hour daily sessions of robotic mechanotherapy with the use of a locomotor training device. In 8 patients from the main group, each locomotor training session was accompanied by the TSCS and FES procedures. The patients of the control group underwent the locomotor training alone. The dynamics of regaining the standing posture regulation was evaluated by stabilometry that has revealed a significant increase of postural stability in the children of the main group in comparison with those in the control group. It was apparent as a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction of the length and the area of the center of pressure (COP) projection with open eyes (the 167 mm and 112 mm2 decrease of the median, respectively). In addition, the tendency toward the normalization of the COP projection in the sagittal plane was documented. The present study has demonstrated the normalization of the impaired balance control system in the children presenting with the severe form of cerebral palsy under the influence of the combined treatment with the use of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation and functional electrical stimulation of legs muscles supplemented by the locomotor training.