Abstract
First, a theoretical model is presented which is useful for determining the regional steady interface between fresh water and salt water under the appropriate boundary conditions for both confined and unconfined aquifers. This model is then applied to the confined groundwater in the estuary of the Naka River, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, and the phenomenon of the seawater intrusion into the aquifer is analyzed. Boundary conditions of the confined aquifer and the parameters necessary for analysis are determined from the data. Calculations using a finite-element method are carried out in various cases, by changing the inflow S R or the total pumping amount Q of the groundwater in this alluvial plain. It is found that the region where salt water is intruding expands rapidly inland when S R approaches Q and vice versa. It is also found that the distributions of chloride ion concentration in groundwater calculated by this model with a simplified assumption are in fairly good agreement with the results observed in deep wells.
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