Abstract
The use of natural gas in Turkey has increased by 96% in Turkey. Today, total natural gas consumption of Turkey is around 38.2 bcm per annum and Turkey produces only 690 mcm of natural gas. Accordingly, 98% of gas is imported from Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Algeria, and Nigeria via pipelines and LNG. Turkey’s natural gas demand is obviously dependent on imports and especially the Russian gas that meets around 45% of consumption in Turkey. Moreover, the dependency of electricity generation on natural gas in Turkey is about 47 and 51% of natural gas is used for electricity production. Although the importance of natural gas in Turkey has increased over time, the market continues to witness crucial issues in terms of natural gas policies of Turkey. This section scrutinizes the regulatory reforms, policy issues, and the evolution of market structure in the Turkish natural gas market, and the geopolitical role of Turkey between the gas-rich regions and Europe.
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