Abstract
The mainstream application of the anammox process is often hindered by its long recovery phase and instability under disturbance. In this study, a lab-scale anammox sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was rapidly recovered within 85 days by gradually increasing the influent nitrogen concentration, and the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency achieved 83.44 ± 0.03%. During the recovery process, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increased from 0.05 to 0.34 kg/(m3·d), with the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) changing from 0.08 to 0.40 kg/(m3·d) in the anammox system. The activities of hydrazine oxidase (HZO) in the biofilm also increased from 0.17 to 10.80 μmol Cyt-c/(g VSS·s). Also, the dominant anammox genera in the biofilm were Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia. The results of this study suggested that an SBBR–anammox system filled with a microbial carrier could facilitate the enrichment of anammox bacteria and contribute to performance recovery.
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