Abstract
Waste cooking oil (WCO) is a kind of non-edible oil with enormous quantities and its unreasonable dispose may generate negative impact on human life and environment. However, WCO is certainly a renewable feedstock of bio-based materials. To get the rebirth of WCO, we have established a facile and high-yield method to convert WCO to bio-based zwitterionic surfactants with excellent surface and interfacial properties. The interfacial tension between crude oil and water could reach ultra-low value as 0.0016 mN m−1 at a low dosage as 0.100 g L−1 of this bio-based surfactant without the aid of extra alkali, which shows a strong interfacial activity and the great potential application in many industrial fields, in particular, the application in enhanced oil recovery in oilfields in place of petroleum-based surfactants.
Highlights
It is satisfactory that PFAPMB exhibits excellent interfacial properties, and the interfacial tensions between Daqing crude oil and 0.100 g L−1 PFAPMB solutions could reach ultralow value, as 0.0016 mN m 1
Ultra-low interfacial tensions (IFT) between oil and water is necessary for EOR in oilfields in the absence of alkali
Alkali, was added with petroleum-based surfactants to reduce oil-water interfacial tension to ultralow values and enhance oil recovery currently[27,28,29], which has resulted in well bore scaling, stratum damage and permeability decline[30,31]
Summary
The CMC of PFAPMB was three orders of magnitude lower than other bio-based surfactants and the max surface excess concentration was almost two times of others’[18]. When the concentration of Ca2+ was below 300 mg L−1, the dynamic interfacial tensions between Daqing crude oil and 0.020 g L−1 PFAPMB solutions could remain in ultralow range.
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