The Reasons to Lack of Electronic Banking Achievement in Iran

Abstract

Back ground: electronic banking is an important and fundamental issue that plays an important role in reaching to electronic government. Generally speaking electronic banking includes all banking services using electronic system by the virtue of safe mediators in a way that physical presence is no longer necessary. The beginning of electronic banking turns back to 1960s when computers were used in banks for the first time. The second round of electronic banking started at late 1970s and it was named automation of the office. Using telecommunication services was also common in this period. The third round started in the middle of 1980s by connection of customers to accounts. In this round the connection of customers with their accounts, telephone, ATM, etc was used. Finally, fourth period was accompanied by uniting the systems and connecting the customer to all banking operations. The beginning of electronic banking in Iran goes back to 1981-1991. Tejarat bank issued the first bank card in 1991 and after that Sepah bank started to establish 7 ATM stands all over the country. In 1992 Iran joined SWIFT(Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication ) international channel and it was connected to the channel in 1993. Methods: The type of study is operational from the perspective of its aim and practical from the perspective of its implementation and it includes two parts. The first part is concerned with a comparison of banking systems in Turkey-Malaysia and Iran. The second part is however concerned with the obstacles in the way of electronic banking in Iran including: management obstacles, financial obstacles, technical obstacles, cultural obstacles and safety obstacles. It is attempted to use statistics from the organizations like central bank, telecommunication center, etc and study the amount of influence in each of them. Statistical data used in this study is during 20102011. Results: The result of the first chapter of the present study is the importance of Internet, frameworks and encouraging policies to impress beneficiaries to use electronic banking. The second part introduces the cultural elements as the most important ones and then it attracts our attention to financial elements (the cost of Internet and commissions) as the second influencing factor the influence of technical elements is fading away due to the improvements in banking system. Different parameters like management obstacles also play an important role in the way of electronic banking. The safety obstacles are influenced by the cultural issues and their direct influence is not certified. Ghareche and Abdolbaghi introduce Internet foundation and decrease in service expenses, managers and experts, that this study confirms Internet foundation and decrease in service expenses. Moghali confirm culture as effective parameter (indirectly). Amade and Jafarpour introduce culture-social, management and reject financial and technical parameters, that this study only confirms culture-social parameters as effective parameter. Conclusion: The result of study does not certify the safety obstacles and cultural, financial, and technical management obstacles are influencing respectively.