Abstract
The cholinesterase inhibitors VX[ S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) O-ethyl methyl phosphonothiolate] and sarin (isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate) were given to normal subjects. An iv dose of 1.5 μg/kg and an oral dose of 4.0 μ/kg of VX caused a 75% inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase. The oxime 2-pyridinium aldoxime methochloride (2-PAMCI) was administered at varying times and over a range of doses to these subjects who had received VX and also to subjects who had received sarin. It was found that: (a) the RBC-ChE inhibited by VX spontaneously reactivates much faster than that inhibited by sarin, (b) VX-inhibited RBC-ChE ages very little and is amenable to oxime reactivation for as long as 48 hr, and (c) the dose of oxime necessary to reactivate VX-inhibited RBC-ChE is less than that needed to reactivate sarin-inhibited enzyme.
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