The rate of photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic volatile organic compounds in the gas-phase

Abstract

In the present study, the gas-solid heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of six aromatic species of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-, o- and p-xylene over illuminated titania was carried out at ambient temperature in a continuous stirring-tank reactor. Initial VOC concentrations were in the low parts per million (ppm) range. Maximum conversions were over 90% for all compounds except from benzene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene, while the residence time varied from 50 to 210 s. Intermediates were detected only in the case of the xylenes, but catalyst deactivation occurred for all six compounds. The PCO kinetics were well fit by a Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) model for monomolecular surface reaction and it was proved that the reaction rate is related to both constants. The rate constants ranged from 0.147 ppm s −1 g cat −1 for benzene to 1.067 ppm s −1 g cat −1 for m-xylene, while the adsorption constants from 0.424 ppm −1 for ethylbenzene to 0.69 ppm −1 for toluene. The molecular structure of the compounds was found to play an important role in the reaction. Finally the efficiency of the procedure in the case of a mixture of these aromatic substances was tested.