Abstract
A highly sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) method was developed in this study for efficient screening of triazophos residues in a large number of samples. Based on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by China and CAC for triazophos in different agro-products, the representative apple, orange, cabbage, zucchini, and rice samples were selected as spiked samples, and the triazophos at the concentrations of the MRL values were spiked to blank samples. Subsequently, the five samples with the spiked triazophos standard were measured by CLEIA 100 times, and the detection results indicated that the correction factors of the apple, orange, cabbage, zucchini, and rice were determined as 0.79, 0.66, 0.85, 0.76, and 0.91, respectively. In this experiment, 1500 real samples were detected by both the CLEIA and the GC-MS methods. With the GC-MS method, 1462 samples were identified as negative samples and 38 samples as positive samples. Based on the correction factors, the false positive rate of the CLEIA method was 0.13%, and false negative rate was 0. The results showed that the established CLEIA method could be used to screen a large number of real samples.
Highlights
In recent years, commercial test kits and test strips for rapid detection of pesticide residues[1,2] with the easy, inexpensive and visually discernible characteristics can be directly applied to the entire procedure of food production, processing and sales, which meet the requirements of on-site quick pesticide residue[3] monitoring management to some extent
The actual range of every kind of matrix with 100 samples was measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) to calculate the threshold C0 and the correction factor (f) at the false negative rate of 3% (Table 1)
The agricultural products registered for triazophos residues were selected, and the five samples with the spiked triazophos standard were measured by CLEIA 100 times separately
Summary
Commercial test kits and test strips for rapid detection of pesticide residues[1,2] with the easy, inexpensive and visually discernible characteristics can be directly applied to the entire procedure of food production, processing and sales, which meet the requirements of on-site quick pesticide residue[3] monitoring management to some extent. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), American Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), and Ministry of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Division (FSIS) have presented guidelines for the evaluation and approval of immunoassay kits for pesticide residue in agricultural products. The test kits and strips for commercial use are widely used in many countries [4,5]. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely applied to pesticide residue testing [6,7,8]. The ELISA method has high sensitivity in standard detection, PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0133839 July 28, 2015
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