Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Glyphosate (G) is set for re-approval in the European Union in late 2022 and the full risk posed by glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) is still unclear.The Ramazzini Institute (RI), with other independent Institutes in EU and USA, has launched in 2017 a pilot study to assess experimental procedures and in 2019 started the most comprehensive study (main project) ever on G and GBH. The study is named the Global Glyphosate Study: https://glyphosatestudy.org/. METHODS: In the pilot study (90 days) G alone and a commercial brand of GBH, were administered in drinking water at 1.75 mg/kg bw/day (US ADI) to dams starting from GD 6 up PND 120. The main study cover: genotoxicity, prenatal-developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, multi-generational effects, endocrine disruption and microbiome effects, and, in the long term, carcinogenicity, on SD rats administered with G and GBHs in drinking water at concentration of 0; 0.5 (ADI Europe); 5; 50 mg/kg/bw/day. RESULTS:Preliminary results of the pilot study have already been published. In particular GBH shows: genotoxicity, adverse effect on reproduction-development and on microbiome, at exposure levels that are currently considered safe and legally acceptable. The full results of the pilot study can be found in our study website. The results were also presented at the European Parliament in 2018. Study design, conduct of the experiment of the main arm study, encompassing about 5,000 animals observed from prenatal life for the lifespan, are presented during the Conference. CONCLUSIONS:The possible endocrine disruptive effects of glyphosate are one of the main focuses of the main study - the research team is going to fully analyze and process all samples in this part of the study by the Spring of 2022. Proven endocrine disruptive effects of a chemical can lead to a ban on that specific chemical under European law. KEYWORDS: Endocrine disrupting chemicals, pesticides, microbiome, toxicology
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