Abstract
The article is aimed at the hygienic assessment of the sources of utility and drinking water for the Khakasia population regarding radiation protection indicators. The results. Annually over 50% of studied water samples of the utility and drinking water sources for the republic’s population do not comply with the regulatory requirements on specific total alpha –activity ( Aa). This value in the samples varies from 0.03 to 5 Bq/kg. Water samples of utility and drinking water supply sources with the exceedance of limit levels on Alfa – activity were pinpointed in Sorsk, Prigorsk, Verhnyaya Sogra water intake ( Abakan ), Ordzhonikidze, Shirinsk, Bogradsk, Ust’ –Abakan, Altaisk, Beisk, Toshtypsk, Askizsk districts of the republic. For Betaactivity the exceedances of limit levels were not found. High alpha-activity levels are attributed to the natural radionuclides 238U and 234U. On the annual basis water samples from utility and drinking water supply sources display the growing amount of intervention level exceedances on 222Rn. The radon-222 specific activity in the samples varies from 6.0 to 170 Bq/kg. The ratio of the sum of natural radionuclides’ specific activities’ ratios to the corresponding intervention levels is below 1.0 in Ordzhenikidzevsk, Bogradsk, Ust’-Abakan, Shirinsk, Toshtypsk, Askizsk districts, Sorsk town, Prigorsk township, Verkhnaya Sogra water intake ( Abakan ). This means that radiological protection measures are not necessary for those territories in present time. In Beisk and Altaisk districts of the republic, the sum of natural radionuclides’ specific activities’ ratios to the corresponding intervention levels is above 1.0 (the values are in the range of 1.02 – 1.2 ). The average annual individual effective doses for population internal exposure from drinking water natural radionuclides in Khakasia Republic exceed twofold the average levels across Russia. In Beisk and Altaisk districts, the average annual effective dose to the population is in the range from 0.01 to 0.12 mSv/year which exceeds 0.1 mSv/year. In the other administrative districts of the republic, the value is between 0.01 and 0.094 mSv/year. Based on that situation in Altaisk and Beisk districts utility and drinking water supplied to the population is monitored via laboratory control of radiation protection indicators in compliance with the established requirements. The local educational institutions are supplied with bottled drinking water transported from other regions in order to correspond to the quality and protection requirements.
Highlights
Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека Республики Хакасия, Абакан, Россия
Ежегодно увеличивается удельный вес проб воды источников хозяйственнопитьевого водоснабжения (ХПВ) населения с превышением уровня вмешательства по радону-222 (222Rn)
Оценка воды источников ХПВ населения по показателям Аa, Аb, 222Rn
Summary
Новгородской, Костромской, Кемеровской, Иркутской, Курской, Тверской, Амурской, Челябинской, Магаданской областей; Забайкальского, Красноярского, Алтайского краев; Республик Хакасия, Карелия; Ямало-Ненецкого АО и других регионов РФ [1,2,3,4,5]. В целях оценки по показателям радиационной безопасности воды ХПВ с превышениями КУ по удельной суммарной альфа-активности на территории РФ организован лабораторный мониторинг содержания природных радионуклидов [1, 6], наибольший охват которым отмечается в Ленинградской области, г. Потребление питьевой воды, не соответствующей требованиям радиационной безопасности, увеличивает эффективную дозу внутреннего облучения населения (НРБ-99/2009: СанПиН 2.6.1.2523-09 а так же [1, 4, 5]), что характерно для Ленинградской, Тульской, Тверской, Курской, Кемеровской, Амурской, Белгородской, Челябинской областей; Забайкальского, Краснодарского краев; г.
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