The rabbit coccidium Eimeria piriformis: Selection of a precocious line and life-cycle study

Abstract

Specific pathogen-free (SPF) rabbits were inoculated with oocysts of an original strain (OS) of Eimeria piriformis and the first newly developed oocysts recovered from the intestine were used for infection of other rabbits. The prepatent period (PP) was shortened after 12 passages from 194 to 170 hours and remained stable after 5 passages without any selection pressure. Oocysts of the precocious line (PL) exhibited peculiar morphology. Besides refractile bodies (RB) within sporozoites, one huge RB joined with a residual body was present inside each sporocyst. The parasite developed in the proximal colon and, to a lesser extent, in other parts of the large intestine. All stages were seen in the epithelium of crypts. In OS, four asexual generations preceded gamogony and, like in other rabbit coccidia, two types of meronts were observed: meronts of type A that develop into polynucleate merozoite, in which endomerogony takes place, and meronts of the type B that form uninucleate merozoites. The endogenous development of PL was identical with that of OS except for the last merogony which was absent. This resulted in earlier appearance of gamogony and shortening of PP. These observations of the life cycle of E. piriformis substantially improve on its description made 50–60 years ago.