Abstract
As climate change and other interdependent challenges are expected to become increasingly acute and unpredictable, so the need for policies and measures to reduce risks and uncertainties in order to adapt to these changes becomes more imperative. Cities can influence their adaptation, resilience, and eventually their sustainability through spatial planning with the use of more ecosystem-based planning tools, such as Green Infrastructure (GI). The present paper is an attempt to assess whether and how city strategies address the objective of an adaptation which interconnects the criteria of vulnerability, adaptability, and resilience through spatial planning. For this purpose, the paper examines the Resilience Strategies of seven European cities of the 100 Resilient Cities initiative (100RC). Based on a thematic analysis, the paper investigates whether these strategies incorporate a spatial planning approach which contributes to adaptation to climate change, focusing on GI as a spatial planning tool. The paper argues that there is room for improvement in all the examined strategies, as none of them fully incorporate the concept of GI, and, furthermore, that some critical planning principles which contribute to adaptation are missing.
Highlights
In recent years, the concept of resilience has gained increasing prominence within diverse disciplines
It does not refer to the term “green infrastructure” or any other equivalent term, it does contain measures that could contribute to adaptation to climate change through the creation of Green Infrastructure (GI)
A qualitative methodology was used to make a comparative analysis of seven Resilience Strategies of respective European cities in order to demonstrate whether specific planning tools were deliberately integrated into the general goal of adaptation
Summary
The concept of resilience has gained increasing prominence within diverse disciplines. It has become an important goal for cities in a number of policy domains, such as climate change adaptation and mitigation, as well as within spatial planning. This is evidenced by a growing number of governmental and non-governmental reports, initiatives, plans, and policies [1,2,3,4,5,6] which have tried to achieve general resilience for urban areas.
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