Abstract
This paper investigates the reasons for the unexpected importance acquired by theQubbat al-Ṣaḫrahin Crusader Jerusalem and its relationship to the Basilica of the Holy Sepulcher. It will be argued that Crusader pilgrims regarded theQubbat al-Ṣaḫrahas the eschatological Temple or Solomon’s Temple because of their knowledge of the Scriptures and local Jewish and Islamic traditions regarding the Temple Mount/ḥaram al-šarīf. Consequently, the Crusader rulers’ adaptation of theQubbat al-Ṣaḫrahas the church of theTemplum Dominiand its identification as Herod’s Temple will be explained as a reaction to these interpretations, which risked re-establishing the pre-Christian centrality of the Temple, thus jeopardizing the supremacy of the Basilica of the Holy Sepulcher.
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