The Quality of Transparent Soap from Farmer's Crude Calophyllum Seed Oil

Abstract

<em>Calophyllum inophyllum</em> plants is one of the potential non-edible vegetable oil in Indonesia. Currently, the utilization of <em>C. inophyllum</em> seed oils directed for biofuels such as biodiesel feedstock. The oleochemical product diversification of <em>C. inophyllum</em> seed oil into transparent soap products is prospective to be developed, considering its utilization that does not compete with edible oil. The purpose of this research is to obtain the best conditions for the production process of <em>C. inophyllum</em> seed oil transparent soap. The research process is conducted in two phases. The first is the determination of the basic formula of transparent soap from <em>C. inophyllum</em> seed oil, and the second is the improvement of the organoleptic quality of the <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap. The research design used is the completely randomized factorial design with two treatments, i.e. the addition of olive oil and ethanol. The determination of the best formula for <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap is based on the weighting method on a number of physicochemical and organoleptic criteria. The results of the research show that the addition of olive oil and ethanol has a significant effect on the amount of <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap suds (P<0,05). The quality improvement of <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap is conducted with the addition of honey, fragrance, and coloring agent. The addition of honey has a significant effect on the transparency and color of <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap (P<0,05). The addition of fragrance types has a significant effect on transparency, color and aroma (P<0,05), but does not have a significant effect on the hedonic test on texture and impression after use (P>0,06). Based on the composite weighting method, the most preferred formula for <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap according to the panelists is the use of olive oil 5%, ethanol 15%, honey 0,3%, and floral fragrance 1%. This best condition for <em>Calophyllum</em> transparent soap are able to meet the standards of the Saudi Arabian Standard Organization (SASO) for the water content and evaporating substances, as well as free alkali.